In this guide
What is adipotide?
Adipotide is a manufactured peptide, a chain of 25 amino acids, that was designed to shrink body fat by destroying the small blood vessels that supply it. It was tested in obese monkeys, but it has never been approved as a medicine, and no human results have been published. [1], [2]
The chain has two working parts. The first nine amino acids act like an address label: in mouse experiments they homed in on a protein called prohibitin on the inner lining of blood vessels in white fat. The rest is a payload that, once inside a cell, damages its mitochondria (the parts of the cell that produce energy) and makes the cell self-destruct. [3], [4], [5]
Researchers at a US cancer center developed it, and a company licensed it as an obesity drug. You will also see it called FTPP, prohibitin-TP01, TP01 or prohibitin-targeting peptide 1. The key term is investigational: its one human trial enrolled four men and stopped, and the program has not moved forward publicly since. [5], [6], [2]
Typical Adipotide Protocols
| Who or what | Amount | How often | How long | What was found or claimed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Used in studies | ||||
| Obese rhesus monkeys, dose-finding study (2 treated, 2 given salt water) | 0.10, then 0.25, 0.43 and 0.75 mg per kg, raised every 2 weeks | Once daily | 63 days, then 2 weeks off | Weight fell as doses rose. Blood creatinine rose at doses above 0.25 mg per kg; kidney tissue was not examined dose by dose [1] A stepped study schedule, not a plan for people |
| Obese rhesus monkeys, fixed-dose study (10 treated, 5 given salt water) | 0.43 mg per kg | Once daily | 28 days, then 4 weeks off | Lost 7.4–14.7% of body weight (average 10.6%). Kidney changes in blood and urine, mostly gone 4 weeks after stopping [1] |
| Lean rhesus monkeys, formal safety study (5 per dose) | 0.25, 0.43 or 0.75 mg per kg | Once daily | 28 days | No weight loss at the two lower doses. Kidney tubule damage at every dose, none in the monkeys given salt water [1] |
| Obese mice | About 3 mg per kg (150 mcg per mouse) | Once daily | About 4 weeks | Weight fell sharply, largely through eating less [3], [7] |
| People: men with prostate cancer and obesity (registered plan) | 0.03 mg per kg as the planned starting level | Once daily | 28 days, planned | 4 enrolled; stopped at the investigator's request; no results posted [2] A study plan, not a tested dose |
| Website claims | ||||
| Flat daily amounts on dosing websites | 250 mcg to 2 mg a day; most pages stop at 1 mg | Once daily | Usually 2–8 weeks | Not based on any study in people; several pages copy one another [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13] |
| Weight-based website amounts | 0.01 mg per kg a day, shown on some sites as 455–1,150 mcg bands by body weight | Once daily | Up to 28 days | Unvalidated website arithmetic traced to a 2024 forum comment; never tested [14], [15], [16], [17] |
| Higher website amounts | Up to 5 mg a day | Mostly unstated | Mostly unstated | Listed without a source; the one publicized kidney-failure case described about 5 mg a day [18], [19] |
Read the units: mcg means micrograms; 1 mg equals 1,000 mcg. Animal amounts are given per kilogram of body weight, while most website amounts are one flat number for everyone. The two cannot be swapped: converting an animal dose into a human one needs data on how the body handles the drug, and none has been published for adipotide in any species. [1], [2]
Dosing websites circulate flat daily amounts and stepped tables, copied from one another or built from forum arithmetic, and none has published human safety or effectiveness results. They are shown here so you can recognize them, not because any of them has been found safe. The next sections explain where each number came from. These amounts come from animal studies, a trial plan and websites rather than human trials; the cited references give the full details. [8], [16], [2]
Where these numbers come from
Study rows. The monkey rows come from the one full monkey paper, which we reviewed in full: a dose-finding study in 4 obese rhesus monkeys (2 treated, with the dose raised every two weeks), a fixed-dose study in 15 obese rhesus monkeys and a formal safety study in 20 lean rhesus monkeys, 5 per group including a salt-water group. The mouse row comes from the original 2004 mouse study and a 2010 follow-up, where 3 mg per kg equalled 150 mcg per mouse. The human row is the planned starting level on the trial's registry record; the levels actually given were never reported. [1], [3], [7], [2]
Website rows. We compared 39 dosing and product pages and checked their numbers against saved copies. The flat 250 mcg to 1 mg family appears on pages such as PeptideDosages.com, Peptide Protocol Wiki, Bioalmanac and The Peptide Volt; the earliest dated copy we found of one stepped 250 to 1,000 mcg table is from March 2026, and later pages, including PeptiJournal, repeat it. MyPeptideMatch and VERIX list up to 2 mg a day. [8], [20], [9], [10], [13], [11], [12]
The weight-based family (0.01 mg per kg, or 4.53 mcg per pound, shown as 455–1,150 mcg bands on Guide to Peptide and Peptide Calculator) traces to a 2024 forum comment; 4.53 mcg per pound is simply 0.01 mg per kg in other units. Peptides.wiki calls 0.01 mg per kg the “standard research dose” without a study behind it. The 0.03 mg per kg figure is the trial's planned starting level, as Peptifact explains. PeptideDex lists 1–5 mg as a typical dose without a source. [15], [16], [14], [17], [21], [18]
What we left out. We did not turn any monkey amount into a human dose, combine one page's amount with another's course length, or present a stepped schedule as a plan. Pages that apply monkey doses directly to people, and pages with factual errors, are described in the next section. Open the searchable source directory
What is adipotide commonly used for?
People look into adipotide almost entirely for fat loss, and usually for a particular kind: belly fat, “stubborn” fat that has not shifted with diet, or the last few pounds before a goal. Many use it alongside a prescription weight-loss medicine such as tirzepatide or retatrutide, or with other peptides sold for fat loss. [22], [17], [23]
The appeal is its unusual design. Most weight-loss drugs work on appetite or on how the body burns energy. Adipotide was designed to attack fat tissue directly, by cutting off its blood supply. That idea produced striking results in animals, and it has never been tested properly in people. [1], [2]
Weight loss and fat loss
In obese mice, the original 2004 study reported that adipotide reversed obesity, with about 30% weight loss over four weeks. Later mouse and rat studies found the weight loss came largely from eating less, and it happened in animals made obese by a high-fat diet but not in lean animals on a normal diet. [3], [1], [7]
The strongest evidence comes from obese rhesus monkeys, animals that store fat and develop insulin problems in ways similar to people. After 28 daily injections of 0.43 mg per kg, the 10 treated monkeys lost 7.4–14.7% of their body weight, an average of 10.6%, while the 5 monkeys given salt water changed by between +1.0% and −3.5%. Their waists (abdominal circumference) shrank by 8.4% on average, though one monkey’s grew slightly, and scans in six of them showed the loss was mostly fat, including deep belly fat. [1]
What happened to obese monkeys given adipotide?
Animal study (obese rhesus monkeys, 2011); no human results exist
- Body weight · end of treatment (day 28)
- Treated −7.4% to −14.7% (average −10.6%), 10 monkeys; untreated +1.0% to −3.5%, 5 monkeys.
- Abdominal fat on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) · end of treatment (day 28)
- Treated −17.5%. Scanned subset: 6 treated, 3 untreated.
- Abdominal fat on MRI · end of recovery (day 56)
- Treated −27.0%. Scanned subset: 6 treated, 3 untreated.
- Total body fat on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans · end of study (day 56)
- Treated −38.7%; untreated −14.8%. Scanned subset: 6 treated, 3 untreated.
- Weight kept falling for about 3 weeks after the last dose, then slowly began to come back
- Treated monkeys ate fewer regular biscuits during treatment but still ate almost all their treats
- Lean monkeys given 0.25 or 0.43 mg per kg did not lose weight
Two details matter for anyone reading these numbers. The monkeys also ate fewer of their regular biscuits during treatment, so part of the effect may simply be eating less. And lean monkeys given the same doses did not lose weight, which suggests the effect depends on having excess fat. [1], [24]
Belly fat and “stubborn” fat: can it target one spot?
Many people hope adipotide will remove fat from one area, such as the belly, hips or thighs, or that injecting it into a fatty area will work there. No study has tested that. In the monkeys, scans showed that both deep belly fat (visceral fat) and subcutaneous belly fat, just under the skin, shrank, and the injections were rotated between four places on the body. [1]
Adipotide travels through the bloodstream, so an injection site has not been shown to decide where fat loss, or harm, happens. The monkey study rotated injections among four sites on the trunk and did not compare them. [1]
Blood sugar and insulin
In the monkey study, the amount of insulin needed to handle a sugar load fell by 36% compared with the untreated monkeys, a sign of improved insulin resistance. In obese mice, blood-sugar handling improved within two to three days, before their weight had changed. These are animal findings; no human blood-sugar data exist. [1], [25]
Other uses you may come across
The only human trial enrolled men with advanced prostate cancer and obesity, and the payload part of adipotide was first developed for cancer research. Neither makes adipotide a cancer treatment. One person online reported that a four-week course “cut my PSA in half” (prostate-specific antigen, a blood marker used to follow prostate cancer), a single unverified account with no numbers. [2], [4], [26]
Where do adipotide amounts differ, and why?
Because no study has established a human dose, every human-facing number online was built from something else: an animal dose, a trial plan, a unit conversion or a forum post. Knowing which one tells you how much weight to give it.
Is 0.03 mg per kg a tested safe dose?
No. It is the starting level planned for the one human trial, which intended to raise the dose in steps if the first group of patients tolerated it. Only four people enrolled, and the trial reported nothing. Several websites present this figure accurately as a planned starting point; others turn it into a routine. [2], [21], [27]
Where does 4.53 mcg per pound come from?
It is 0.01 mg per kg in different units. The earliest version we could find is a 2024 forum comment saying the human dose “is said to be” 4.53 mcg per pound. Websites have since turned it into weight bands of about 455–1,150 mcg a day. No study or conversion method supports the starting figure. [17], [15], [16], [28]
Why do some pages give monkey doses as a “starting dose”?
Some pages copy the monkey amounts (0.10–0.43 mg per kg) straight into sections for people, under headings like “How much do I take?”. Others misreport them: one lists the monkey range as 0.5–1.0 mg per kg, and another shows the 0.43 mg per kg monkey dose as “430 mcg”. An amount per kilogram in a monkey study is not a dose for a person, and in that study it was also the amount that produced the kidney findings. [29], [30], [10], [1]
Does starting low or stepping up make it safer?
There is no evidence that it does. Several related pages describe stepping up in two-week blocks, a pattern we could not trace before 2026. The only stepped schedule ever studied was in two obese monkeys, and in the monkey studies blood signs of kidney strain appeared once doses rose above 0.25 mg per kg. In the formal safety study, the lowest dose still caused kidney damage without raising blood creatinine. [8], [20], [1]
How long do courses run, and why four weeks?
Most pages describe courses of two to eight weeks, and four weeks is common. The four-week figure mirrors the 28-day monkey studies and the trial plan, not a finding that four weeks is safe or enough. In the monkeys, blood and urine changes mostly cleared within four weeks of stopping, but mild tubule damage was still visible in some animals at the end. [9], [10], [1]
Where do the pages get facts wrong?
Check a page's facts before trusting its numbers. Some say adipotide was never tested in humans; a registered trial did start. Others say development stopped because of kidney damage in people or that human trials showed weight loss; no human results were ever reported. One gives a molecular formula with no sulfur, which is impossible for a peptide containing two cysteines, and another quotes a study with a placeholder reference number. [30], [9], [31], [28], [15], [11], [2]
Because no dose has been established, this guide does not convert any of these amounts into syringe units.
What happens when you stop adipotide?
Nobody knows what happens in people, because the only human trial posted no results. The evidence comes from monkeys, and in the published studies no group was followed for more than four weeks after its last dose. [2], [1]
In obese monkeys given 0.43 mg per kg a day for 28 days, weight, body mass index and waist size kept falling for about three weeks after the last injection, then slowly began to come back before the four-week recovery period ended. Belly fat measured on MRI scans in six of the treated monkeys was 17.5% below its starting volume at the end of treatment and 27.0% below it at the end of recovery. In the smaller dose-finding study, the losses had started to reverse by the end of a two-week recovery. How much weight would have returned over a longer time is unknown. [1]
Most kidney changes faded after stopping, but not all: four weeks later, minimal tubule degeneration remained in three of the six treated monkeys examined in the safety study, and minimal signs of cell death and repair were still visible under the microscope (see the kidney findings). Apart from the partial weight regain, no withdrawal or rebound effects have been described; none has been studied. The human trial planned to ask participants about their kidney function every three months for a year, and never reported what it found. [1], [2]
Does it matter how adipotide is given?
The clearest fat-loss results in animals came from subcutaneous injections, into the fatty layer under the skin. Most experiments dosed daily; one patent experiment dosed obese mice on weekdays only. Daily subcutaneous injection is also the route of the planned human trial and of almost every website and personal account. [1], [3], [7], [32], [2]
One small mouse study compared adipotide given intravenously (into a vein) every three days for 30 days. Those mice lost about 5% of their weight, a change too small to rule out chance with only three mice per group. The authors suggested the route may explain the weaker result. [33]
Nasal sprays are also marketed. No study has tested adipotide through the nose, and one review of a nasal spray wrongly states that human trials showed weight loss. [28], [2]
How long does adipotide last in the body?
Nobody knows. No study in any species has published adipotide's half-life (how quickly its level in the blood falls) or how much of an injection reaches the blood (bioavailability), two parts of its pharmacokinetics. The human trial planned blood tests to measure this but posted no results. Website figures, from about 20 minutes to several hours, disagree with each other; one site's figure comes from a computer model rather than a measurement. [2], [18]
Its design is unusual: the payload is built from D-amino acids, mirror-image building blocks, and the monkey authors proposed that a kidney enzyme called D-amino acid oxidase might help break down this payload. They did not measure that reaction for adipotide, so it is a proposed explanation for the kidney findings, not a measured result. [1], [4]
How should adipotide be stored, and how long does it keep?
No stability study of adipotide has been published, so how long it stays usable, before or after mixing, is not established. The company developing it reported in 2011 that stability studies were complete, but we found no published results. The monkey studies used a batch made to drug-manufacturing (GMP) standards, and the paper does not say how it was stored. [72], [1]
The storage advice you will find comes from dosing websites and sellers. Most say to keep the freeze-dried powder cold, frozen at −20 °C (−4 °F) for long periods or refrigerated for shorter ones, and to keep the mixed (reconstituted) solution in a refrigerator at 2–8 °C (36–46 °F), away from light and without repeated freezing and thawing. Their “use within” times for the mixed solution range from 14 days to about a month, and none of these pages cites stability data for adipotide. [8], [30], [10], [29], [11], [12], [27]
Cold storage cannot tell you what is in a vial: a “research use only” label does not verify a product’s identity, purity or suitability for injection. See product quality.
What do we actually know about adipotide in people?
Very little. One small trial began in 2012, and it never reported results. Everything else about adipotide use in people comes from personal accounts and one news story.
What was the human trial?
The trial, run by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, was a Phase 1 study: the first step in people, designed to find a tolerable dose. [2]
| What the trial planned | What happened |
|---|---|
| Men with advanced prostate cancer, obesity (a body mass index, or BMI, above 30) and at least six months of hormone-lowering treatment | 4 men enrolled, out of up to 39 planned |
| Daily subcutaneous injections for 28 days, starting at 0.03 mg per kg and rising through up to five dose levels | The dose levels reached were never reported |
| Measure a tolerable dose and whether people lost 10% of their weight by day 28, plus blood levels of the drug | No results posted; last registry update January 2019 |
| Adequate kidney function required; people taking anti-inflammatory painkillers or other kidney-toxic drugs excluded; phone follow-up on kidney function for a year | Terminated “per PI's request” (the lead investigator); the record lists January 2019 as the end date |
The kidney rules show that researchers were watching for the problem seen in monkeys. They do not tell us whether it happened. [2]
Why was the trial stopped?
The only reason on record is “Terminated per PI's request”. Claims that it stopped because people's kidneys failed, or because it did not work, have no public source. A registry that reports nothing is not evidence of harm, and it is not evidence of safety either. [2]
Company filings add some context. The company that licensed adipotide announced the first patient dosed in July 2012, but by 2013 it said it was not spending its own resources on the program, and its 2020 filing records the deconsolidation of Ablaris, the subsidiary that had developed adipotide. That accounting entry does not show who owns the program now, and its current status is not public. [6], [34], [35]
What happened to adipotide, year by year?
| Year | What happened |
|---|---|
| 2004 | Researchers report that a fat-vessel-targeting peptide reverses obesity in mice [3] |
| 2010 | A company licenses it; the human trial is registered [36], [2] |
| 2011 | The monkey study reports weight loss and kidney changes [1] |
| 2012 | The first patient is dosed [6] |
| 2013 | The company says it is not spending its own resources on the program [34] |
| 2019 | The trial is terminated with 4 people enrolled and no results [2] |
| 2025 | Finland lists adipotide as a medicine; researchers describe a modified successor, PTP-r, in mice [37], [38] |
Did it work in people with obesity?
That is unknown. The trial enrolled four men with obesity and set 10% weight loss by day 28 as a main measure, but it posted no results. [2] Otherwise, human cells and tissue appear in the research only to show the target exists: a study in cancer patients found the prohibitin-based receptor on blood vessels in human white fat. That shows the address label has something to find in people, not that adipotide is safe or effective. [39], [40]
What would a meaningful result look like?
In people, the question would be whether adipotide adds fat loss beyond diet, exercise or a weight-loss medicine, at a dose that does not harm the kidneys. The monkey study hints at why that is hard to judge: the untreated monkeys also changed weight and lost some body fat over the same weeks, and the treated monkeys ate less. A personal result on tirzepatide or retatrutide at the same time cannot say which one did the work. [1], [22]
How might adipotide work?
The research on how adipotide works comes from mice, rats, monkeys and cells, most of it from the team that invented it. It explains the idea. It does not show the same thing happens in people.
How was it designed to find fat?
Researchers injected mice with a huge library of virus particles, each carrying a different short peptide, and collected the ones that stuck in fat. One sequence, CKGGRAKDC, kept turning up in the blood vessels of white fat, where it bound prohibitin. They then attached it to a payload called D(KLAKLAK)2, which had been built earlier for cancer research. [3], [4]
Once the payload enters a cell, it breaks open the membranes of the mitochondria, and the cell dies through apoptosis, the body's orderly form of cell self-destruction. In the monkeys, researchers found this cell death in the blood vessels of white fat. The fat is then thought to shrink because it loses its supply lines. [4], [1]
Does it only hit white fat?
Not entirely, as far as later research shows. Prohibitin on blood-vessel linings also helps move fatty acids in brown fat, the heat-producing kind, and one imaging study found the CKGGRAKDC sequence gathered in brown fat in mice. In another mouse study, tiny fat-based particles carrying the same address label did not reach fat any better than untargeted particles, but they did collect more in the kidneys. How selective free adipotide is in people has never been measured. [41], [42], [43]
Is eating less part of the effect?
Yes, in the animals. Obese mice and rats given adipotide ate less, and their weight loss followed; a test for nausea-related food aversion was negative. The monkeys ate fewer of their regular biscuits while still finishing their treats. A published comment argued that eating less might explain much of the monkey weight loss, and the original authors published a reply. [7], [1], [24], [44]
The researchers proposed that damaged fat sends a signal to the brain that reduces appetite. That signal has not been identified. [1]
Is there a newer version?
Yes, at the animal stage. In 2025, an Australian research group described PTP-r, a modified version of prohibitin-TP01 with one type of building block (arginine) swapped for its mirror-image form. In obese mice it reduced body weight, and the study summary reports “favorable preclinical safety profiles”. It has not been tested in people, and it is not the same molecule as adipotide. [38]
What are the risks and unanswered questions?
Is adipotide safe?
No safe dose has been established, and the animal evidence points to a specific risk: kidney damage. In the formal monkey safety study, damage to the kidney's filtering tubes appeared at every dose tested, including the lowest. Nothing is known about its safety in people, because the only human trial reported nothing. [1], [2]
What did the monkey safety studies find?
The kidney's proximal tubules are small tubes that take back sugar, salts and water from the fluid the kidney filters. They were the main place adipotide caused harm. [1]
In obese monkeys, the treated animals passed more urine and became mildly dehydrated at the highest doses. Their urine contained sugar (glucosuria), protein (proteinuria) and more kidney cells than normal, and blood levels of phosphorus and potassium fell. Creatinine, a blood marker of kidney function, rose at doses above 0.25 mg per kg. Most of these changes reversed within four weeks of stopping, but one treated monkey in each obese study still had slightly raised creatinine and sugar in the urine at the end. [1]
Kidney findings in the formal monkey safety study
Animal study (lean rhesus monkeys, Good Laboratory Practice toxicology, 2011) · Daily for 28 days; 5 lean rhesus monkeys per group
- Salt water
- Blood creatinine during dosing: Normal; Tubule damage 1 day after the last dose (3 monkeys per group): None; Tubule degeneration after 4 weeks off (2 monkeys per group): None.
- 0.25 mg per kg
- Blood creatinine during dosing: Did not rise; Tubule damage 1 day after the last dose (3 monkeys per group): Minimal to mild; Tubule degeneration after 4 weeks off (2 monkeys per group): None reported.
- 0.43 mg per kg
- Blood creatinine during dosing: Rose now and then in 2 monkeys; Tubule damage 1 day after the last dose (3 monkeys per group): Minimal to mild; Tubule degeneration after 4 weeks off (2 monkeys per group): Minimal, in 1 of 2.
- 0.75 mg per kg
- Blood creatinine during dosing: Rose steadily; still slightly raised after recovery; Tubule damage 1 day after the last dose (3 monkeys per group): Minimal to moderate; Tubule degeneration after 4 weeks off (2 monkeys per group): Minimal, in 2 of 2.
At the lowest dose, kidney damage was present even though creatinine did not rise.
The formal safety study in lean monkeys is the clearest test. Five monkeys per group received salt water or 0.25, 0.43 or 0.75 mg per kg a day for 28 days. When the kidneys were examined a day after the last dose, every dose group showed tubule damage, including dying and regenerating cells, and none was seen in the salt-water group. Damage was minimal to mild at the lower doses and up to moderate at the highest. Four weeks after stopping, minimal damage remained in one of two middle-dose and both high-dose monkeys examined. [1]
One detail stands out for anyone relying on blood tests. At the lowest dose, creatinine did not rise, yet the kidneys still showed damage under the microscope. A normal creatinine result did not rule out tubule injury in these monkeys. [1]
The authors called the kidney effects “relatively mild, predictable, and reversible”. That is their judgment from four weeks of recovery in monkeys, and several of them held equity in the company developing the drug or were patent co-inventors. [1]
What has happened in people?
The only publicized case involved a 29-year-old professional bodybuilder. In an interview, he said he had used adipotide, “a bottle a day, which was 5mg”, injecting near his kidneys and chest, and that he developed stage 5 kidney failure, the most severe stage. [19]
The details matter. According to medical records reported by the Washington Post, he “had suffered for years from kidney problems”, and he also used anabolic steroids and other drugs. He died in 2022 of a tear in the body's main artery (an aortic dissection); a private autopsy found kidney damage “that could have been caused by steroids”. The product he used was never tested. This case cannot show that adipotide caused his kidney failure, but it is the kind of harm the monkey findings would lead researchers to watch for. [45], [19]
What problems have other users reported?
Personal accounts describe burning or stinging injections, lumps, welts and grey discoloration at injection sites, thirst and dehydration, passing more urine, flushing, headache and tiredness. One person reported that their estimated kidney filtering rate (eGFR) dropped by 20 during use, without giving units or dates, and was unsure of the cause. These reports cannot show how often problems happen or what caused them. [22], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]
Could product quality change the risk?
Yes. Adipotide is sold online as a “research use only” powder, and that label gives no assurance that a product has been authorized or checked for human use. In March 2026, Paraguay's health regulator issued a serious-risk alert naming an unregistered adipotide product among other peptides. Some sellers even list a molecular formula that cannot be right for this peptide, and in community education groups a member who noticed no effect suspected the product was not genuine. [51], [15]
Is adipotide legal? Is it FDA-approved?
Checked September 23, 2026. Rules differ by country and change quickly.
United States. Adipotide is not a medicine approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The company that licensed it reported filing an investigational new drug application with the FDA before the 2012 trial; that research step permits testing in people and is not an approval. It does not appear on the FDA's lists of ingredients nominated for, or allowed in, pharmacy compounding, or on its list of compounding ingredients with safety concerns. Not being listed does not make it permitted. At least one US telehealth site sells an adipotide injection described as “provider-prescribed”; that does not make it an approved medicine. [36], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57]
Canada. No adipotide product is authorized for sale; searches of Health Canada's drug database return nothing. Health Canada's April 2026 advisory on unauthorized injectable peptides does not include adipotide among its examples, but it notes that many other unauthorized peptide drugs exist and should all be avoided. Authorized drugs carry an eight-digit Drug Identification Number (DIN) on the label. [58], [59]
Australia. Adipotide is not named in the June 2026 Poisons Standard, and we found no record of an Australian approval. The Therapeutic Goods Administration warned in May 2026 about the risks of importing unapproved peptide products. [60], [61]
Europe. Finland lists “Adipotide (FTPP)” as a substance classified as a medicine, in force since 19 May 2025. [37] Elsewhere in Europe, including the United Kingdom, we found no regulator page naming it and no approval.
A “research use only” label does not make a product legal to sell for human use, or safe.
Is adipotide banned in sport? Does it show up on a drug test?
It is not named on the World Anti-Doping Agency's list, but the list's first category, S0, bans at all times any drug without current approval for human therapeutic use, which describes adipotide. The 2027 list, in force from 1 January 2027, adds “peptides” to the examples in S0. [62], [63] A 2023 fight-league list managed by the US Anti-Doping Agency names adipotide as an example in S0. Athletes should treat it as prohibited. [64] These lists establish that it is banned, not whether a particular test would detect it; the reviewed sources give no adipotide-specific detection window, and that gap is not permission to use it.
Does adipotide cause or treat cancer?
No result shows that adipotide treats or causes cancer. The only human trial mainly looked for a tolerable dose and a weight-loss signal in men with prostate cancer; its record also says investigators wanted to explore whether reducing fat might slow cancer growth, but it posted no cancer results. Its payload was first built for cancer research in mice, which is not evidence for a cancer benefit from adipotide. [2], [4]
Who should be especially cautious?
These groups have no safety data in people. Given the kidney findings, that is a strong reason for caution.
- People with kidney disease or reduced kidney function. The trial required adequate kidney function, and the monkey findings centered on the kidneys. [2], [1]
- People taking anti-inflammatory painkillers or other drugs that can strain the kidneys. The trial excluded them. [2]
- People prone to dehydration. Monkeys passed more urine and became mildly dehydrated at the highest doses. [1]
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding. There are no human or animal reproduction data.
- Under 18. No studies include young people. This guide is written for adults.
- Competitive athletes. It falls under the anti-doping ban on unapproved substances. [62]
Has adipotide been tested alongside other medicines?
No combination safety or interaction results have been reported. The trial required men to keep taking their hormone-lowering treatment but posted no results, and combinations with GLP-1 medicines, diabetes drugs or other peptides have not been studied publicly. The trial's exclusion of kidney-straining drugs shows that researchers considered combinations with them risky enough to avoid. Bring a complete list of everything you take to a pharmacist or doctor. [2]
What should be monitored while using adipotide?
No safe human dose or standard monitoring plan has been established. What exists is what researchers chose to check in the monkey studies and planned for the one human trial. They watched the kidneys most closely, then the heart, blood counts, liver and body weight. This describes the studies, not a personal testing plan; any testing is a conversation to have with a clinician. [1], [2]
Kidneys and urine
In the obese-monkey studies, blood and urine were tested every week: creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), phosphorus and potassium in the blood, and sugar, protein and kidney cells in the urine. The human trial required adequate kidney function on blood tests and, with a narrow exception, less than 2,000 mg of protein in a 24-hour urine collection. [1], [2]
The monkey results also show the limits of blood tests. At the lowest dose, creatinine did not rise although the kidneys were damaged, and where creatinine did rise, BUN did not rise with it in a matching way. The tubule damage itself was found by examining kidney tissue under a microscope at the end of the study. [1]
Heart, blood counts and liver
The trial required a normal ECG and a normal level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), a blood marker of strain on the heart, or else a heart scan showing adequate pumping together with a BNP below a set limit. It planned ECGs on days 1, 15 and 22 and at follow-up visits; the record does not say why. It also required adequate blood counts and liver tests. [2] The monkeys had weekly blood counts and clotting tests, and no abnormal fat build-up was seen in their livers at the end of the safety study. [1]
Weight, body fat and blood sugar
The monkeys were weighed and measured every week, some had weekly body-fat scans, and their insulin response to a glucose injection was tested before and after treatment. The trial planned weight checks at every visit, waist and hip measurements after the last dose, and fasting blood tests. [1], [2]
Immune response and drug levels
The trial also planned blood samples to measure drug levels, and an antibody test 30 days after the last dose to see whether the immune system reacts to adipotide. None of these results was published. [2]
What do people in public communities report?
Public discussions of adipotide are mixed, and they are shaped by its kidney reputation. Many people ask whether it is worth the kidney risk, and in community education groups several members say they bought it and then decided not to use it. Most people who do describe using it were also dieting hard or taking something else. [65], [46]
What do the positive reports look like?
Most describe modest fat loss over a month. One person using 1 mg a day reported about 5 pounds of fat loss in three weeks, with a strict diet and training plan; later they mentioned retatrutide. Another, using 1 mg with AOD-9604 on a ketogenic diet with one meal a day, reported losing 7 pounds in the first week and more over four weeks, and later mentioned semaglutide. [48], [17]
A person using 910 mcg a day for 28 days, while walking several miles a day and lifting weights, reported losing 5 pounds and noticing a smaller waist, thighs and stomach. Another, on a large stack including retatrutide, survodutide and several other peptides, reported going from 77 kg to 59 kg over six months, which cannot be credited to 20 days of adipotide. [66], [67]
Does everyone notice a difference?
No, and nonresponse is common. One person who tracked 28 days of daily injections judged it ineffective; most of their loss came after starting a cutting diet on day 20, while also taking tirzepatide. Others reported no weight loss after 28 or 30 days, including one who worked up to 5 mg a day. [22], [68], [46]
A forum user who ran 1 mg, then 2 mg, then 3 mg a day over a month, adding clenbuterol and a thyroid hormone in week three, felt slightly leaner but later concluded it “didnt do much”. In community education groups, the few members who describe using it report either no change or results they cannot separate from a GLP-1 medicine, and one called it overrated. [47]
How long did those changes last?
Some people say the loss continued for a few weeks after stopping, which resembles the monkey study, where weight kept falling for about three weeks before slowly coming back. That match is interesting but weak evidence: the same people usually kept dieting or started another drug. [17], [1]
Do people worry about their kidneys?
Constantly. Many threads relay the kidney findings, sometimes accurately and sometimes as claims that the human trial stopped because of kidney failure, which no public record supports. Educators in community education groups consistently advise against using it, citing kidney risk, and some members mention kidney checks during use. Some posters claim normal bloodwork without showing results. [48], [69], [2]
What about unwanted effects?
Injection-site problems are the most common complaint: burning, itching, dimpling, tender lumps lasting about a week, welts and grey discoloration. Thirst, dehydration and passing more urine come up repeatedly, which matches what the monkeys showed. Flushing, headache and tiredness also appear, though one person thought a cold may explain theirs. [22], [47], [46], [50], [66], [48], [49]
How can you judge a fat-loss story?
Ask what else changed at the same time (a GLP-1 medicine, calories, training, clenbuterol or thyroid hormone), how the change was measured, whether there was an update weeks later, and whether any kidney tests were shown. Unit confusion is common: one poster described “10 units” as “1mg/kg”, two very different things. [22], [47]
These selected discussions are not a survey of all users, a response rate or a substitute for controlled studies. The risks section covers what the monkey studies found.
How does adipotide compare with other fat-loss peptides and medicines?
Adipotide is often grouped with other fat-loss compounds, but it was built to work differently from all of them.
| Compound | What it is | How it is given | How often | Human evidence | Approval status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipotide | A peptide designed to destroy the blood vessels that feed white fat | Subcutaneous injection in studies | Daily in studies | None published: one trial enrolled 4 men and posted no results [2] | Not approved (legal status) |
| AOD-9604 | A 16-amino-acid fragment based on human growth hormone | Taken by mouth in trials; marketed in the US as an injection | Once daily in trials | Several trials; the largest (502 people randomized) found no significant weight-loss difference from placebo [73] | Not part of any FDA-approved medicine [73] |
| 5-Amino-1MQ | A small molecule, not a peptide, that blocks an enzyme called NNMT | Subcutaneous injection in mouse studies; no route tested in people | No human schedule tested | None; the findings come from mice [74] | Not approved (see its guide); the FDA says it is not on the list of substances outsourcing facilities may compound from [75] |
| Tesamorelin | A lab-made version of growth-hormone-releasing hormone | Subcutaneous injection | Once daily | Two randomized placebo-controlled trials of the original 2 mg formulation (412 and 404 adults with HIV): deep belly fat fell 18% and 14% at 26 weeks, versus +2% and −2% on placebo [76] | FDA-approved since 2010 to reduce excess belly fat in adults with HIV and lipodystrophy (abnormal fat distribution); not for weight loss [76] |
| Semaglutide | A GLP-1 medicine | Subcutaneous injection, or tablets | Weekly injection; daily tablets | Large randomized trials: in one with about 1,960 adults, average weight loss at 68 weeks was 14.9%, versus 2.4% on placebo [77] | FDA-approved for long-term weight reduction (as Wegovy) [77] |
The biggest difference is how they act. Semaglutide and tesamorelin copy natural hormone signals and have labelled doses and safety data from trials in people; adipotide was designed to kill the cells lining fat’s blood vessels, and in its formal monkey safety study, kidney lesions appeared in every tested dose group. No study has compared adipotide with any of them (see the combination question). [77], [76], [1]
Common questions about adipotide
Is adipotide the same as FTPP?
Yes. FTPP is a common seller name for adipotide, and Finland's medicines list names it “Adipotide (FTPP)”. It is also called prohibitin-TP01, TP01 and prohibitin-targeting peptide 1, and you may see misspellings such as FTTP or “adipotite”. PTP-r is a different, newer molecule. [37], [5], [19], [69], [38] See what adipotide is.
Can you inject adipotide into belly fat to lose fat there?
There is no evidence that injecting it into one area removes fat there. It is carried around the body in the blood, and in monkeys both deep belly fat and subcutaneous belly fat, just under the skin, shrank while injection sites were rotated. No study has compared injection sites. [1] See can it target one spot.
Is the kidney damage reversible?
In monkeys, mostly, over four weeks, but not completely. Most blood and urine changes cleared within four weeks of stopping, while minimal tubule damage remained in three of the six treated monkeys examined after recovery in the safety study, and a few monkeys still had slightly raised creatinine. Nothing is known about recovery in people, especially after longer or higher use. [1] See the monkey safety findings.
Why was the human trial stopped?
The registry gives only “Terminated per PI's request”, meaning the lead investigator asked for it to stop. Four men had enrolled, and no results were posted. Claims that it stopped because of kidney failure or because it did not work have no public source. [2] See what is known in people.
How long does adipotide take to work?
There is no established timeline, because it has not been tested in people. Obese monkeys lost weight over 28 days of treatment and for about three weeks afterwards. Personal accounts range from a few pounds in the first weeks to no change after a month. [1], [22], [17] See how reports changed over time.
Can you take adipotide with semaglutide, tirzepatide or retatrutide?
People do, but the combination has never been studied. There are no data on whether it adds anything to a GLP-1 medicine or changes its side effects, and results on both cannot show what adipotide contributed. Read the Doserly guides to semaglutide, tirzepatide and retatrutide. [22], [23]
Is PTP-r a safer version of adipotide?
Not proven. PTP-r is a modified successor described in 2025 that reduced weight in obese mice, and its study summary reports a favorable safety profile in animals. It has not been tested in people, and online talk of pairing it with other peptides to clear dead cells has no evidence behind it. [38] See is there a newer version.
Is it legal to buy adipotide?
Adipotide is not approved by the FDA, Health Canada's drug database lists no authorized adipotide product, and Finland classifies it as a medicine. We found no approval elsewhere. A “research use only” label does not make a product legal or safe to use. See the dated legal-status summary. [37], [52], [58]
Glossary
Plain explanations of the route, dosing and research terms used in this guide. Underlined terms in the text link here.
- Adverse event
- A harmful or unwanted medical event reported after someone used a treatment. A report alone does not prove the treatment caused it.
- Amino acid
- A small chemical building block. Chains of amino acids make up peptides and proteins.
- Animal study
- Research in animals such as mice, rats or monkeys. It shows what a substance does in a living body, but results in people can differ.
- Apoptosis
- An orderly process by which a cell destroys itself. Adipotide's payload was designed to trigger it in the cells lining blood vessels in fat.
- Bioavailability
- The share of a dose that reaches the bloodstream. It has never been measured for adipotide.
- Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- A blood test for urea, a waste product the kidneys remove. It usually rises with creatinine when kidney filtering falls; in monkeys given adipotide, creatinine rose without a sustained matching rise in BUN.
- Brown fat
- A kind of fat that burns energy to make heat. It is different from white fat, which stores energy.
- Cell study (in vitro)
- Research on cells grown in a dish. It gives early clues about biology, but it is far from proof of benefit in people.
- Compounding
- When a pharmacy prepares a customized medicine from individual ingredients. In the US, federal lists control which bulk ingredients pharmacies may use.
- Controlled trial
- A study that compares people who receive a treatment with a similar group who do not, often receiving a placebo instead. Randomly assigning people to each group makes the comparison fairer.
- Course and cycle
- A course is the period of repeated use, such as four weeks. A cycle is a course plus a planned break before any further use.
- Creatinine
- A waste product that healthy kidneys clear from the blood. A rising level can signal kidney strain, but in monkeys given adipotide, kidney damage appeared even when creatinine stayed normal.
- D-amino acid
- The mirror-image form of an amino acid. The body's usual protein-cutting enzymes break chains made of them down poorly. Adipotide's payload is made of D-amino acids.
- Daily total
- All the amounts given in one day, added together. For example, 500 mcg twice daily is a 1,000 mcg daily total.
- Dose (amount each time)
- The amount given on one occasion. A protocol lists both the dose and how often it is given.
- ECG (electrocardiogram)
- A quick, painless recording of the heart's electrical activity through stickers placed on the skin. The adipotide trial planned several during treatment.
- eGFR
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate: a number calculated from a blood test, usually creatinine, that estimates how much blood the kidneys filter each minute.
- FDA
- The US Food and Drug Administration, which decides whether medicines can be sold in the United States. It has not approved adipotide.
- GLP-1 medicine
- A prescription medicine, such as semaglutide or tirzepatide, that copies glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut hormone, to reduce appetite and lower blood sugar. Retatrutide is a related drug still in trials.
- Glucosuria
- Sugar in the urine. When blood sugar is normal, it can be a sign that the kidney tubules are not taking sugar back as they should.
- Half-life
- The time it takes for the measured level of a substance in the blood to fall by half. It has never been measured for adipotide.
- Insulin resistance
- When the body needs more insulin than usual to keep blood sugar normal. It often comes with excess body fat and can lead to type 2 diabetes.
- Intravenous (IV)
- Given directly into a vein, so it enters the bloodstream immediately.
- Investigational
- Still being studied and not approved by a regulator, such as the FDA, to treat any condition.
- Loading phase
- A higher starting amount used in some treatment plans before a lower ongoing amount. None has been established for adipotide.
- mcg and mg
- Micrograms and milligrams. 1 mg equals 1,000 mcg. Website amounts for adipotide are usually written in mcg or mg.
- mg per kg
- Milligrams of drug for each kilogram of body weight. Animal study doses are written this way, and they cannot simply be applied to people.
- Mitochondria
- Small structures inside cells that produce most of the cell's energy. Damaging them can make a cell self-destruct.
- Peptide
- A short chain of amino acids. Adipotide is a chain of 25.
- Pharmacokinetics
- How the body absorbs, moves, breaks down and removes a substance. No such data have been published for adipotide.
- Phase 1 trial
- The first stage of testing in people, usually small, designed to find a tolerable dose and spot side effects rather than prove a benefit.
- Placebo
- A dummy treatment with no active ingredient, used as a comparison in studies. The monkey studies used salt-water injections this way.
- Preclinical research
- Studies done before research in people: cell studies and animal studies.
- Prohibitin
- A protein found in many cells. In mouse experiments, adipotide's targeting sequence bound prohibitin on the lining of blood vessels in white fat.
- Proteinuria
- Protein in the urine, often a sign that the kidneys are under strain or damaged.
- Proximal tubule
- The first section of the small tube leading from each kidney filter. Its lining cells take back sugar, salts and water. In monkeys, adipotide damaged these cells.
- Reconstitution
- Mixing a freeze-dried powder with a sterile liquid so it becomes a solution. How long a mixed adipotide solution stays usable has not been tested.
- Research use only
- A label on products sold for laboratory research. It does not mean a product is approved, tested for human use or legal to sell as a medicine.
- Subcutaneous (SC)
- Injected into the fatty layer just under the skin. This is the route used in the adipotide animal studies and the planned human trial.
- Titration
- Adjusting a dose in steps, usually starting lower and increasing. No stepped schedule for adipotide has been tested in people.
- Visceral fat
- Fat stored deep inside the abdomen around the organs, as opposed to subcutaneous fat just under the skin.
- WADA
- The World Anti-Doping Agency, which publishes the list of substances banned in sport.
- White fat
- The main kind of body fat, which stores energy. It is threaded with small blood vessels that supply it.
Explore more of the research
Go deeper into the experiments behind the claims.
Across this guide, the citations include 14 original scientific papers on adipotide and its target: 13 cell and animal papers and one receptor-mapping study in people, plus one patent application with animal data; the comparison section adds one paper on another compound. The optional library below groups the adipotide papers by question. Most of the adipotide studies come from the research network that invented it, and several authors held a financial stake in its development. Registry records, company filings, websites and personal accounts are counted separately.
In the route details, intraperitoneal means into the abdominal cavity.
Discovery and mouse studies · 5 papers and a patent
How was the fat-vessel address found?
Model: Obese mice injected with a library of virus particles carrying random short peptides.
Finding: The CKGGRAKDC sequence gathered in white-fat blood vessels and bound prohibitin. Joined to a cell-killing payload, it reversed obesity; the study summary reported no detectable adverse effects.
Limit: Small mouse groups; the summary does not describe kidney testing like that later done in monkeys.
Where did the payload come from?
Model: Cells and mice with tumors.
Finding: D(KLAKLAK)2 disrupted mitochondrial membranes once carried into targeted cells, and targeted versions showed anti-cancer activity in mice.
Limit: Different targeting sequences; not a test of adipotide.
Is eating less part of the weight loss?
Model: Obese mice given 3 mg per kg subcutaneously daily for 27 days; rats given 1.5 mg per kg for 4 days.
Finding: Weight fell alongside reduced food intake, energy use did not change, and the animals showed no learned food aversion. Weight fell in high-fat-diet animals but not in lean animals.
Limit: Rodent studies; a food-aversion test cannot rule out every kind of discomfort.
Can blood sugar improve before weight changes?
Model: Obese mice given 3 mg per kg for two to three days, compared with untreated mice and mice fed the same reduced amount.
Finding: Glucose tolerance improved before body weight differed, with lower insulin and triglycerides; other measured blood fats did not change significantly.
Limit: A short mouse experiment; the proposed explanation remains unproven.
Does giving it into a vein work as well?
Model: Obese mice, three per group, given 3 mg per kg intravenously every three days for 30 days, as a comparison for a nanoparticle version.
Finding: Adipotide mice went from 43.8 to 41.6 g, a change not statistically significant, with little change in fat-cell size.
Limit: Very small groups; kidney safety was not assessed.
What did the patent experiment report?
Model: Older obese mice, three per group, given 3 mg per kg subcutaneously on weekdays; every mouse also received salt-water fluids into the abdominal cavity.
Finding: The patent states the mice lost about 20% of their body weight.
Limit: A patent application, not peer reviewed; course length and safety testing were not reported.
Targeting and selectivity · 5 papers
Does the target exist in human fat?
Model: A peptide-library screen carried out in cancer patients.
Finding: A prohibitin and annexin A2 receptor complex was found on blood vessels in human white fat.
Limit: Receptor mapping, not treatment with adipotide.
What does prohibitin do in fat vessels?
Model: Human and mouse fat tissue and cells.
Finding: Prohibitin and annexin A2 partner with CD36, a fatty-acid transporter, and help move fatty acids into fat.
Limit: Target biology, not an adipotide experiment.
Is prohibitin only in white fat vessels?
Model: Mice lacking prohibitin in blood-vessel linings.
Finding: Endothelial prohibitin affected fatty-acid movement in both white and brown fat.
Limit: Genetic mouse study; it does not measure adipotide.
Can the address sequence end up in brown fat?
Model: Mice imaged with iron-oxide particles coated with CKGGRAKDC.
Finding: The authors report the coated particles specifically targeted brown fat.
Limit: A coated imaging particle behaves differently from free adipotide.
Do targeted particles reach fat or the kidneys?
Model: Obese mice given fat-based particles carrying the CKGGRAKDC sequence and a diabetes drug.
Finding: Targeting did not increase uptake into fat compared with other tissues, but did increase uptake in the kidneys.
Limit: A different formulation and cargo; it does not measure free adipotide in the kidneys.
Successors and delivery systems · 3 papers
Can nanoparticles carry the payload instead?
Model: Obese mice given the D(KLAKLAK)2 payload inside targeted nanoparticles into a vein.
Finding: The particles reduced weight, and even untargeted particles collected in obese fat.
Limit: A different delivery system; not adipotide itself.
Has the address been used to deliver other treatments?
Model: Obese mice given a gene-silencing system linked to the CKGGRAKDC sequence.
Finding: The targeted system reduced obesity and fatty liver in mice.
Limit: A different treatment that borrows the address sequence.
What is PTP-r?
Model: Obese mice on a high-fat diet.
Finding: Modified prohibitin peptides, the most potent being prohibitin-TP01 with D-arginine swapped in (PTP-r), reduced body weight; the summary reports favorable preclinical safety.
Limit: Summary-level review only; not tested in people and not the same molecule as adipotide.
How this guide was researched
This guide is built from a thorough review of the sources cited throughout it: published scientific studies, a registered clinical-trial record, company filings, regulatory documents and published dosing descriptions. We also reviewed public online forums and community education groups where people describe their own experiences with adipotide.
The guide cites 77 sources, including 15 original scientific papers. Each type of source answers a different question. Studies show what researchers measured. Dosing websites show what amounts are being promoted, not what is safe. Personal accounts show what individual people experienced. Every numbered citation links to its entry below, labeled by source type.
How this guide was made
Research and drafting were AI-assisted. Cited sources were checked against their originals, and each source entry notes when only an abstract or publication record was available. The guide was reviewed and edited by Doserly before publication. It has not had an independent clinical review, and Doserly does not currently have medical reviewers. Doserly makes a medication and health-tracking app and runs Doserly Academy, both of which are promoted in this guide. Read our editorial policy for how guides are researched, updated and corrected.
This guide is for educational purposes. It summarizes what the reviewed sources report so the research is easier to understand; it is not medical advice. For a deeper dive, or to check any point for yourself, go straight to the cited sources.
Explore the sources
These are the documents cited in this guide. Studies, website advice and personal accounts answer different questions. A source being listed does not mean every statement on its page is endorsed.
Showing 77 sources
- 01
A peptidomimetic targeting white fat causes weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys ↗
Cell / animal research
Original full text reviewed (author manuscript); supplementary tables not accessible.
Disclosure: the university and several authors held equity in the company developing adipotide, and three authors are patent co-inventors.
- 02
A First-in-Man, Phase I Evaluation of A Single Cycle of Prohibitin Targeting Peptide 1 in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer and Obesity (NCT01262664) ↗
Study registry
Registry record checked 23 Sep 2026: terminated per the investigator's request, 4 enrolled, no results posted.
- 03
Reversal of obesity by targeted ablation of adipose tissue ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed; the 4-week weight result is confirmed by the 2011 monkey paper.
- 04
Anti-cancer activity of targeted pro-apoptotic peptides ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed. Earlier payload research, not adipotide.
- 05
Definition of prohibitin-targeting peptide 1 ↗
Reference entry
Definition checked through the NCI Thesaurus record (C95709).
- 06
Arrowhead Announces Dosing of First Patient with Anti-Obesity Treatment Adipotide® in a Phase 1 Clinical Trial ↗
Company announcement
Release reviewed. Company statement, not trial results.
- 07
Peptide designed to elicit apoptosis in adipose tissue endothelium reduces food intake and body weight ↗
Cell / animal research
Original full text reviewed.
- 08
Adipotide Dosage Chart – 10 mg Vial Protocol ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: 250 mcg–1 mg daily; earliest dated copy found of a stepped table.
- 09
Adipotide Community Protocols & Anecdotal Reports ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: 0.5–1.0 mg daily for 2–4 weeks; says no human trials were conducted.
- 10
Adipotide — dosing, safety and storage ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: 500 mcg–1 mg daily; shows the 0.43 mg per kg monkey dose as 430 mcg.
- 11
Adipotide (FTPP) Dosage Guide: How Much Should You Take? ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: 0.5–2.0 mg a day; quotes a study with a placeholder reference number.
- 12
Adipotide reconstitution (5 mg vial) ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: schedules from 500 mcg up to 2 mg a day.
- 13
Adipotide Injection Dosage, Protocol and Reconstitution ↗
Dosing website
Public page sections reviewed: 0.5–1 mg once daily.
- 14
Adipotide Dosing ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: calls 0.01 mg per kg a day the standard research dose.
- 15
Adipotide ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: weight bands of 455–1,150 mcg; lists a formula without sulfur.
- 16
- 17
Adipotide (FTTP) and AOD 9604 success? My experience. ↗
Community account
Post, updates and comments reviewed; taken with AOD-9604 and a strict diet, and semaglutide later.
- 18
Adipotide: Half-Life, Dosage & PK Profile ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: lists a 58-minute half-life from a model and 1–5 mg as a typical dose, without human data.
- 19
Bostin Loyd Does Not Regret Using The Peptide That Led To His Kidney Failure ↗
News report (transcribed interview)
Article reviewed; the original video was not reviewed. Self-report; product and dose unverified.
- 20
Adipotide Research Protocol Reference ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: 250 mcg rising to 1 mg over 8 weeks.
- 21
Adipotide Dosage: The One Human Trial's Numbers ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: explains 0.03 mg per kg as the trial's planned starting dose, with no validated human dose.
- 22
- 23
New Weight loss drugs coming down the pipeline and more recent research on the 3 we’re familiar with ↗
Community account
Post and comments reviewed.
- 24
Comment on “A peptidomimetic targeting white fat causes weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys” ↗
Published comment
Original abstract reviewed.
- 25
Rapid and weight-independent improvement of glucose tolerance induced by a peptide designed to elicit apoptosis in adipose tissue endothelium ↗
Cell / animal research
Original full text reviewed.
- 26
Adipotide reduced PSA for prostate cancer ↗
Community account
Post reviewed (archived copy); no dose or lab values given.
- 27
Adipotide: Dosage, benefits & legal status ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: gives the trial's 0.03 mg per kg starting level.
- 28
Behemothlabz Adipotide Nasal Spray Reviewed: Benefits, Dosage, and More (2025) ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: weight bands of 455–1,150 mcg; wrongly says trials in obese patients showed weight loss.
- 29
Adipotide Injection Dosage & Protocol ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed: gives 0.10–0.43 mg per kg under “How much do I take?”.
- 30
Adipotide Dosing Protocols and Administration ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed. Says adipotide was never tested in humans and misstates the monkey dose range.
- 31
Adipotide – Adipotide (FTPP) is an experimental peptidomimetic ↗
Dosing website
Selected page sections reviewed. Says development stopped because of kidney damage, which the trial record does not state.
- 32
VEGFR-1/NRP-1 targeting peptides (US 2012/0028880 A1) ↗
Patent application (animal data)
Full text reviewed. Not peer reviewed.
- 33
A comparative study between nanoparticle-targeted therapeutics and bioconjugates as obesity medication ↗
Cell / animal research
Original full text reviewed.
Result detail: free adipotide given into a vein: 43.8 to 41.6 g, not statistically significant (three mice per group).
- 34
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 ↗
Company filing
Adipotide section reviewed: “internal resources are not being expended on this program”.
- 35
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 ↗
Company filing
Filing reviewed: records the deconsolidation of Ablaris Therapeutics; adipotide is not mentioned.
- 36
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2012 ↗
Company filing
Adipotide sections reviewed: licence dated December 2010, investigational new drug application filed, up to 39 patients planned.
- 37
Lääkealan turvallisuus- ja kehittämiskeskuksen päätös lääkeluettelosta (230/2025) ↗
Regulatory source
Decision and Annex 1 A checked: lists “Adipotide (FTPP)” among substances classified as medicines.
- 38
Mixed-Chirality Prohibitin Peptide: D-(RLARLAR)2 Enhances Stability and In Vivo Effects on Obesity ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed; full text not accessible. PTP-r, a successor molecule.
- 39
Vascular ligand-receptor mapping by direct combinatorial selection in cancer patients ↗
Receptor-mapping study in people
Original abstract reviewed. Maps the target; no adipotide was given.
- 40
Prohibitin/annexin 2 interaction regulates fatty acid transport in adipose tissue ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed.
- 41
Endothelial Prohibitin Mediates Bidirectional Long-Chain Fatty Acid Transport in White and Brown Adipose Tissues ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed.
- 42
Targeted Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Brown Adipose Tissue with Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed. Coated imaging particles, not free adipotide.
- 43
Importance of thorough tissue and cellular level characterization of targeted drugs in the evaluation of pharmacodynamic effects ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed. Targeted liposomes, not free adipotide.
- 44
Response to Comment on “A Peptidomimetic Targeting White Fat Causes Weight Loss and Improved Insulin Resistance in Obese Monkeys” ↗
Published reply
Publication record checked; the reply text was not reviewed in full.
- 45
Bodybuilders dying as coaches and judges encourage extreme measures ↗
News report
Article reviewed from an archived copy; it cites medical records and a private autopsy and does not name the peptide.
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
Alerta Sanitaria N.° 05/2026: productos no registrados ↗
Regulatory source
Alert checked: lists an unregistered adipotide product, category A (serious risk). No adipotide side effect is reported.
- 52
Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ↗
Regulatory source
List searched 23 Sep 2026; adipotide, FTPP and prohibitin not found.
- 53
Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ↗
Regulatory source
List searched 23 Sep 2026; adipotide not found.
- 54
503B Bulk Drug Substances List ↗
Regulatory source
Page searched 23 Sep 2026; adipotide and FTPP not found.
- 55
Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding that May Present Significant Safety Risks ↗
Regulatory source
Page searched; adipotide not named. Not being named is not a safety finding.
- 56
21 CFR 216.23: Bulk drug substances that can be used to compound drug products in accordance with section 503A ↗
Regulatory source
Codified list searched; adipotide not found.
- 57
Adipotide 5mg total 1mg/mL 5mL — Online Telehealth ↗
Dosing website
Page title and description checked: “provider-prescribed injectable therapy”. Other claims on the page were not verified.
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Drug Product Database ↗
Regulatory source
Brand-name and ingredient searches for adipotide returned no products.
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Think twice before injecting peptides bought online: unauthorized products can seriously harm you ↗
Regulatory source
Advisory checked: adipotide is not among its examples; it says many other unauthorized peptide drugs exist.
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Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—June 2026) Instrument 2026 (F2026L00633) ↗
Regulatory source
Instrument searched; adipotide, FTPP and prohibitin not found.
- 61
TGA warning on the risks of importing unapproved peptide products ↗
Regulatory source
Warning reviewed; it does not name adipotide.
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The 2026 Prohibited List ↗
Regulatory source
List checked, including S0: adipotide is not named; S0 covers substances without current approval for human therapeutic use.
- 63
2027 Prohibited List ↗
Regulatory source
List checked: adipotide not named; the S0 examples now include peptides.
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PFL Prohibited List (effective July 11, 2023) ↗
Sport rules
PDF checked: names adipotide as an example of an S0 non-approved substance, prohibited at all times.
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6 months progress + stack ↗
Community account
Post reviewed; a large stack including retatrutide and survodutide.
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Tracking my usage of Adipotide (FTPP) as a human study ↗
Community account
Visible comments reviewed; the original post was deleted.
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Vascular-targeted nanotherapy for obesity: unexpected passive targeting mechanism to obese fat for the enhancement of active drug delivery ↗
Cell / animal research
Original full text reviewed. Nanoparticle carrier, not adipotide itself.
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Targeted delivery of CRISPR interference system against Fabp4 to white adipocytes ameliorates obesity, inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance ↗
Cell / animal research
Original abstract reviewed. Uses the targeting sequence with a different treatment.
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Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 ↗
Company filing
Adipotide section reviewed: says process development and stability studies were completed; no stability results are given.
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FDA Evaluation of AOD-9604-Related Bulk Drug Substances (Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee briefing document) ↗
Regulatory source
Document reviewed (comparison section): AOD-9604 is a 16-amino-acid peptide; the largest oral trial enrolled 536 and randomized 502 with no significant weight-loss difference from placebo; not a component of an FDA-approved drug.
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Selective and membrane-permeable small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reverse high fat diet-induced obesity in mice ↗
Animal study (5-Amino-1MQ)
Original abstract reviewed. About 5-Amino-1MQ, not adipotide; cited in the comparison section.
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Warning Letter: GenoGenix LLC (MARCS-CMS 718739) ↗
Regulatory source
Letter reviewed (comparison section): compounding with 5-Amino-1MQ cited as ineligible under section 503B.
- 76
EGRIFTA WR (tesamorelin) for injection, for subcutaneous use: prescribing information ↗
Official label
Label reviewed (comparison section): indication, once-daily subcutaneous dose, the two 26-week trials and “not indicated for weight loss management”.
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WEGOVY (semaglutide) injection and tablets: prescribing information ↗
Official label
Label reviewed (comparison section): weight-reduction indication, once-weekly injection and the 68-week trial results (−14.9% versus −2.4% with placebo).
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Updates and corrections
Published September 23, 2026. This is the first version of this guide in the Definitive Guide format. Because kidney damage appeared at every dose in the formal monkey safety study, it shows study and website amounts with a safety warning instead of a typical protocol. The date describes this version, not a fresh check of every source.
Updated September 23, 2026. Added sections on storage, what happens after stopping, what studies monitored and how adipotide compares with related compounds, with new sources appended to the end of the source list; the waist-size result from the monkey study was added.
Found an error or a relevant study we missed? Report a correction with the guide title, the specific passage and a supporting source if available. Please leave out personal health records. See our editorial policy for how we handle attribution, evidence limits and corrections.